In-Depth Guide to Synthetic vs. Felt Roofing Underlayment

A Homeowner's In-Depth Guide to Synthetic vs. Felt Roofing Underlayment 

As a homeowner, understanding the components of your roof is crucial for making informed decisions about your home's protection. One often overlooked but essential element is the underlayment. This article delves into the comparison between synthetic and felt roofing underlayment, providing you with insights that many sources overlook. 


Understanding Underlayment 


Underlayment serves as a secondary water barrier beneath your roof's primary covering. It's a critical component that can significantly impact your roof's performance and longevity. 


Felt Underlayment: The Traditional Choice 


Felt underlayment, often called tar paper, has been used for over a century. It's made from natural materials like wood cellulose or synthetic fibers saturated with asphalt. 


Pros: 

  1. Cost-effective: Generally cheaper upfront 
  2. Familiar to most roofers 
  3. Performs well in most climates 


Cons: 

  1. Less durable: Can tear easily during installation 
  2. Moisture-sensitive: Can wrinkle when exposed to water 
  3. Heavier: More difficult to handle and install 


Synthetic Underlayment: The Modern Alternative 


Synthetic underlayment is made from polymer-based materials like polyethylene or polypropylene. 


Pros: 

  1. Highly durable: Resists tearing and damage 
  2. Lightweight: Easier to install 
  3. Water-resistant: Performs better in wet conditions 
  4. UV-resistant: Can be left exposed longer 


Cons: 

  1. Higher upfront cost 
  2. May be slippery when wet 
  3. Some types may trap moisture if not properly ventilated 


Beyond the Basics: What Most Sources Don't Tell You 


  1. Environmental Impact: A life cycle assessment published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology found that synthetic underlayment has a 25-30% lower environmental impact compared to felt, primarily due to its longer lifespan and recyclability. 
  2. Fire Resistance: While both materials must meet basic fire safety standards, a study by the National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA) found that some synthetic underlayments offer superior fire resistance. This can potentially lower your home insurance premiums. 
  3. Energy Efficiency: Research from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory suggests that some synthetic underlayments with radiant barrier properties can reduce attic temperatures by up to 30°F, potentially leading to energy savings of 10-15% on cooling costs. 
  4. Long-term Cost Analysis: While synthetic underlayment has a higher upfront cost, a study in the Journal of Construction Engineering and Management found that over a 30-year period, synthetic underlayment can be up to 20% more cost-effective due to its longer lifespan and reduced need for repairs. 
  5. Installation Temperature Range: Felt underlayment becomes brittle in cold temperatures and can soften in extreme heat. Synthetic underlayment maintains its integrity in a wider temperature range, from -40°F to 240°F, according to manufacturer specifications. 
  6. Mold Resistance: A study published in the International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation journal found that synthetic underlayments are significantly more resistant to mold growth compared to felt, which can be crucial for maintaining indoor air quality. 
  7. Wind Uplift Resistance: Testing by the Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety (IBHS) showed that some synthetic underlayments can increase a roof's wind uplift resistance by up to 20%, potentially improving your home's resilience in severe weather. 


Making the Right Choice 


The decision between synthetic and felt underlayment depends on various factors, including your local climate, budget, and long-term plans for your home. While felt underlayment may be suitable for short-term solutions or in dry climates, synthetic underlayment often provides superior protection and longevity, especially in areas prone to severe weather. 

At Graduate Contracting, we understand the importance of choosing the right underlayment for your specific needs. Our experienced team can provide personalized recommendations based on your home's unique characteristics and your priorities as a homeowner. 


Conclusion 


Whether you opt for traditional felt or modern synthetic underlayment, proper installation is key to maximizing its benefits. Always work with qualified professionals who can ensure your roof system is installed correctly and optimized for performance. 


By understanding the nuances between synthetic and felt underlayment, you can make an informed decision that protects your home and potentially saves you money in the long run. Remember, your roof is a system, and each component, including the underlayment, plays a crucial role in its overall performance and longevity.

A man in a blue shirt is standing on the roof of a building
July 9, 2025
Here in Central Texas, summer doesn’t just arrive; it makes a grand, sweltering entrance. The season brings long days of intense sun, triple-digit temperatures, and the ever-present threat of powerful thunderstorms rolling in with little warning. While we’re busy finding ways to stay cool indoors, our roofs are taking the full force of this seasonal onslaught. This is precisely why a summer roof inspection is not just a good idea—it’s a critical piece of home maintenance. The combination of thermal shock (the stress on materials from cycling between extreme heat and cooler night temperatures) and storm season can expose hidden vulnerabilities. At Graduate Contracting, we believe in proactive care to prevent small issues from turning into major, costly emergencies. Use this essential checklist to perform your own assessment. It will help you spot potential trouble and know exactly when to call in a professional to ensure your home is protected all season long. The View from the Ground (Your Safe DIY Check) You can learn a lot about your roof's health without ever leaving the ground. Grab a pair of binoculars and, on a clear day, walk around the perimeter of your home to look for these key indicators. ☐ Check for Curling or Cracked Shingles : Look at the slopes that get the most direct sun. Are the edges of the shingles turning upwards (curling) or do you see distinct cracks? Intense UV exposure and heat can bake the life out of asphalt shingles, making them brittle and inflexible. This is a clear sign of aging and heat damage. ☐ Scan for Missing Shingles : Pay close attention to the ridges and edges of the roof. Recent spring or early summer storms with high winds can easily tear off shingles that have been weakened by age or heat. Every missing shingle is a potential entry point for water. ☐ Look for Granules in Your Gutters : Check the downspout outlets for an accumulation of black, sand-like granules. These granules are the primary protective layer for your shingles. When they wash away, the shingle is exposed and will deteriorate rapidly. A few granules are normal, but a large accumulation is a warning sign. ☐ Examine Flashing and Vents : Look at the areas around your chimney, pipes, and any roof vents. Do you see any visible gaps, rust spots on the metal flashing, or sealant that looks cracked and dry? These penetration points are the most common sources of leaks. ☐ Note Any Streaking or Discoloration : Dark streaks on your roof are typically caused by algae (Gloeocapsa magma). While primarily cosmetic, heavy growth can trap moisture and indicates your shingles are retaining heat and water, a sign of older, less effective materials. Inside Your Home (The Attic Inspection) Your attic provides a direct look at the underside of your roof deck and is the first place a leak will show itself. ☐ Look for Daylight : On a bright day, go into your attic and turn off the lights. Look up at the roof deck. Do you see any pinpricks of light coming through? Even the smallest hole is an invitation for water during the next downpour. ☐ Check for Water Stains or Streaks : Scan the underside of the plywood roof deck and the rafters for any dark stains, streaks, or signs of moisture. Pay special attention to the areas around vents and chimneys. ☐ Examine the Insulation : Look for areas where the insulation appears damp, matted down, or discolored. This is a telltale sign of a slow, persistent leak that needs immediate attention. ☐ Note Musty Odors or Signs of Mold : A persistent musty smell or visible mold/mildew growth is a clear indicator of a moisture problem, likely stemming from a leak or poor attic ventilation. The Professional Check-Up (When to Call Graduate Contracting) If your checks from the ground or in the attic reveal any of the issues above, it’s time to call for a professional, hands-on inspection. Our trained experts will safely get on your roof to perform a detailed assessment that you can't do from the ground. ☐ A Hands-On Shingle and Flashing Test : We will physically inspect the integrity of shingles and test the seals around all flashing. ☐ A Check of All Penetrations : We’ll examine every vent, pipe, and seam for compromised seals or damage. ☐ A Gutter and Drainage System Review : We’ll ensure your gutters are clear and directing water away from your foundation effectively. ☐ A Comprehensive Condition Report : We provide you with a detailed report of our findings, complete with photos and clear recommendations, giving you the power to make an informed decision. Don't let a small, sun-baked crack turn into a major summer storm catastrophe. Being proactive is the key to protecting your home and your peace of mind. Spotted a warning sign on your checklist? Contact Graduate Contracting today to schedule a professional, no-obligation roof inspection and ensure your home is ready for whatever summer brings.
Two men are working on the roof of a building
July 2, 2025
For a business owner or property manager, the roof over your head is more than just a shield against the elements; it's a critical asset that protects your inventory, equipment, employees, and customers. A catastrophic roof failure can lead to operational downtime, costly interior damage, and complex insurance claims, representing a significant threat to your bottom line. Yet, unlike a residential roof, commercial roofing systems present a unique set of challenges that demand a specialized and proactive approach. Here in Central Texas, commercial roofs endure a relentless cycle of intense UV radiation, thermal shock from dramatic temperature swings, and the ever-present threat of severe storms. At Graduate Contracting, we understand that for our commercial clients, roofing is a matter of asset management. The key to maximizing the lifespan of this asset and avoiding unexpected crises is not reactive repair, but proactive, strategic maintenance. The Unique Demands of Commercial Roofs Unlike the sloped roofs common on residential homes, most commercial buildings feature low-slope or flat roof systems. Materials like TPO ( Thermoplastic Olefin ), EPDM ( Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer ), and Modified Bitumen are engineered for durability, but their design requires diligent oversight. Key vulnerabilities for commercial roofs include: Drainage Systems : Flat roofs don't shed water naturally. They rely on a system of drains, scuppers, and gutters to prevent water from pooling. A single clogged drain can lead to tons of standing water, placing immense stress on the roof structure and creating the potential for major leaks. Seam and Flashing Integrity : The seams where roofing material is joined and the flashings around rooftop penetrations (like HVAC units, vents, and skylights) are the most common points of failure. The expansion and contraction caused by Texas heat can weaken these areas over time. Rooftop Traffic : Maintenance personnel, HVAC technicians, and other contractors frequently access commercial roofs, which can lead to accidental punctures, dropped tools, and damage to the roof membrane if not properly protected with designated walkways. Weathering and Material Degradation : Constant exposure to UV rays can cause roofing materials to become brittle and shrink, while hail and wind-blown debris can cause punctures and tears. Create a Commercial Roof Maintenance Program Waiting for a leak to appear before you think about your roof is a reactive and costly strategy. A proactive Commercial Roof Maintenance Program is designed to identify and address these vulnerabilities before they lead to failure, providing a significant return on investment. A comprehensive maintenance plan from Graduate Contracting isn't just a quick look-around. It's a systematic process designed to protect and prolong the life of your roof: Semi-Annual Inspections : We recommend, at minimum, twice-yearly inspections—typically in the spring and fall—to prepare for and recover from the harshest seasons. Our trained technicians will perform a detailed visual inspection of the entire roof surface. Debris Removal and Cleaning : We clear the roof of all leaves, branches, and debris that can clog drainage systems and hold moisture against the roof surface, which accelerates deterioration. Detailed Seam and Flashing Examination : We meticulously inspect all seams, flashings, and penetrations for any signs of separation, cracking, or wear that could compromise the roof's waterproofing. Minor Preventative Repairs : Small issues found during the inspection, like applying sealant to a vulnerable seam or repairing a minor puncture, are addressed on the spot to prevent them from escalating into costly leaks. Comprehensive Condition Reporting : Following each inspection, you receive a detailed report complete with photographs, a summary of the roof's condition, any work performed, and recommendations for any future capital expenditures. This documentation is invaluable for budgeting, asset management, and for validating warranty or insurance claims. The ROI of Proactive Maintenance Investing in a maintenance program delivers tangible benefits that directly impact your budget and operational stability: Maximize Roof Lifespan : A regularly maintained roof can last years longer—in some cases, even doubling its expected service life—delaying the immense capital expense of a full replacement. Prevent Business Interruption : Avoid the costly downtime and logistical chaos that comes with an unexpected roof leak and the subsequent interior repairs. Control Your Budget : Proactive maintenance allows you to budget for minor, predictable repairs instead of being hit with a massive, unplanned expense. Preserve Your Warranty : Most manufacturer warranties for commercial roofing systems require proof of regular professional maintenance. Neglecting this can void your warranty, leaving you completely exposed financially. Your commercial roof is a multi-thousand-dollar asset. Don't leave its health to chance. Partner with a contractor who understands the specific demands of commercial roofing and the importance of proactive asset protection. Contact Graduate Contracting today to schedule a consultation and learn how a customized Commercial Roof Maintenance Program can protect your building, prevent costly surprises, and deliver peace of mind.